Floods

Floods are when water overflows from the normal boundaries of a stream, river or other body of water or accumulates in an area that is usually dry. There are two main types of floods: inundation floods are slow, developing over hours or days, while flash floods occur suddenly, often without warning, usually due to heavy rain. Though annual flooding is a natural phenomenon in many parts of the world, human habitation and land-use practices have led to an increase in frequency and magnitude of floods. Floods are also predicted to become even more frequent and severe in future due to climate change. Floods can be extremely dangerous and cause massive human, environmental and material damage to communities.

Emergency appeals

Do you know how to prepare for a flood?

Do's and don'ts

  • Monitor local weather conditions and listen for official advice
  • Know your area's flood risks
  • Store important documents and hazardous materials high up
  • Identify a safe evacuation route and practise it
  • Avoid building on riverbanks, gullies or flood plains where possible
  • Build and maintain your home with floods in mind
  • Never try to walk, swim or drive through swift water
  • Do not drink contaminated water
  • Clean up carefully after a flood, pumping water from your home slowly
  • Look out for hazards in flood water, such as debris and electrical wires

Watch: How to prepare for a flood